environment

about

environment

none

word

About returns the description of the current turtleSpace. See setabout

show about
This is my turtleSpace

addto

environment

procedurename

none

Continues line-entry mode of an existing procedure.

addto "existingprocedure

Enables the socket-based API on port 1967. The API allows you to control turtleSpaces remotely (using telnet) and / or from another application. Multiple connections may be employed simultaneously. Instructions given over the API are executed as the ‘apiX’ worker unless specified, where X is the connection instance, in the order of connection. To output (print, type etc) to the connection, one must call setwrite “api from the API connection, which directs output to that connection. See noapi, which disables the api

api

assemble

environment

procedure (word)

none

assemble turns the calling turtle’s ‘track’ (its movements and graphics) into a procedure. This is useful for turning ‘sketched out’ designs and objects into procedures for replication later. Note that the procedure created by assemble is not optimised for repetition because the track has no notion of it, so for example if you make a square using REPEAT [FD 20 RT 90], then use assemble, the assembled procedure will read FD 20 RT 90 FD 20 RT 90 etc.

assemble "mydesign

backgroundshade

environment

none

number

Returns the background shade. See setbackgroundshade

show backgroundshade

backgroundcolor screencolor bg

environment

none

number

Returns the current background color.

print backgroundcolor
0

blocks

environment

none

Turns on ‘blocks’ mode (in development, mostly broken)

blocks

bury

environment

procedure or [procedures]

none

Buries the provided procedures. Certain primitives such as ERALL, ERPS, POALL, POPS, POTS EXPORT and SAVE act on everything in the workspace except for procedures that are buried

bury "proc

buryall

environment

none

Buries all of the procedures and container names in the workspace. See bury

buryall

camcontrol

environment

none

Enables a mode whereby you can move the camera turtle in various ways using the mouse. Clicking and dragging orbits the turtle’s anchor point. Right-clicking and moving up and down or vertical scrolling up and down pulls the turtle in or out from the anchor point. Right-clicking and moving left or right or horizontal scrolling rotates the turtle left or right. See nocamcontrol

camcontrol

clearhistory

environment

none

Clears the interactive prompt’s history.

clearhistory

clearsector

environment

none

Clears the name / value pairs (keys) out of the current sector. See zone

clearsector

clearuser

environment

none

Unsets the current user, sets environment to no user. See createuser

clearuser

clearzones

environment

none

Clears (removes) all of the defined zones from the current space.

clearzones

createuser

environment

name (word)

none

Creates a new user with the specified name.

createuser "Bonnie

creators

environment

list

none

Creators contains an auto-generated list of the turtleSpace’s creators for use by the catalogue. It is metadata and cannot be retrieved by code. It should not be manually modified. See about

creators [Bonnie]

day

environment

none

number

Returns the current day of the month.

show day
22

debug

environment

none

Turns on debugging. Debug output is logged to the console / terminal that executes turtleSpaces, so if you need debugging you need to launch it from a console / terminal. Further, debug needs to be used as a prefix from the interactive mode prompt, eg debug myprimitive, otherwise it can be called from inside an primitive and applies to the executing thread.

debug

define

environment

procedurename (word) | procedure (list)

none

define creates a new procedure of the given procedurename containing the primitives described by the provided list, in the format [[:parameter1 :parameter2] [primitive1 primitive 2 primitive3…]]

define "newprocedure [[:size] [repeat 4 [fd :size rt 90]]]

deletespace

environment

word

none

Removes the space of the given name.

deletespace "myspace

displaysize

environment

none

list

Returns the size of the display currently displaying the turtleSpaces window. See windowpos, windowsize, setwindowpos, setwindowsize

show displaysize

dragselect

environment

none

Allows text to be selected and copied to the clipboard by clicking and dragging. See nodragselect

dragselect

ed

environment

none

Opens the entire workspace in the editor. Can also be invoked with control-E. To open just one particular procedure, use edit

ed

edit

environment

procedure (word)

none

Invokes the editor and opens specified procedure. To edit the entire workspace, use ed

edit "bananas

end

environment

none

Closes a ‘to’, a procedure definition. See to

end

erall

environment

none

Erases all procedures, variables and properties from the workspace.

erall

erase

environment

procedure (word)

none

Erases the specified procedure from the calling turtle’s workspace

erase "myprocedure

erasekey

environment

keyname (word)

none

Erases the provided key from the current sector, if that key exists. See zones

erasekey “key

eraseprocs erps

environment

none

Erases all procs in the calling turtle. To erase all procs in all turtles see initialize

eraseprocs

error

environment

none

sentence

Returns the text of the last error.

show error

frameinterval

environment

none

milliseconds

(webLogo only) The interval between rendering cycles. This can speed up webLogo use when drawing complicated scenes. Set it with setframeinterval

show frameinterval

fullscreen [fs]

environment

none

Sets the graphics screen ‘fullscreen’, that is, turns off the text screen. The name of this primitive is a remnant from 8-bit computers which could only show either graphics or text in a particular area of the screen at one time. See also splitscreen textscreen overlayscreen

fullscreen

help

environment

primitivename (word)

none

displays the help entry for the provided primitive name. See viewhelp

help "forward

hideanchor

environment

none

Hides the turtle’s anchor from view. See showanchor, anchor

hideanchor

hidemouse

environment

none

Hides the mouse cursor. See showmouse

hidemouse

historycount

environment

none

number

Returns the number of items in the interactive history.

show historycount

historyitem

environment

number

list

Returns the number-last interactive line entered, where 1 is the latest. Note that if you do ‘show historyitem 1’ from the interactive prompt, you will get ‘show historyitem 1’ as a result!

show historyitem 5

historylist

environment

number

list

Returns the last number lines in the interactive prompt’s history in reverse chronological order, where the first item is the last line entered. Note that if you do ‘show historylist 5’ from the interactive prompt, the first item will be ‘show historylist 5’. Also note that duplicate entries are removed automatically by the interactive prompt’s history code and will not be visible in historylist

show historylist 5

hours

environment

none

number

Returns the current hour in 24 hour time.

print hours

ignore

environment

input

none

Consumes whatever is fed to it. Useful to pull things off of stacks but you don’t need them, such as message queues (listen) or containers (pop).

ignore listen

initialize

environment

none

Re-initializes the turtleSpaces environment. Clears the workspace and resets all the turtle states. Similar to restart.

initialize

keyclick

environment

none

Causes keypresses to make various beeping noises. See nokeyclick

keyclick

lastrem

environment

none

word or list

Returns the last (executed) ‘remark’ made using rem. See rem

show lastrem

listprimitives

environment

none

Prints a list of all built-in primitives.

listprimitives

listprocs

environment

none

Prints the names of the procedures currently belonging to the calling turtle. Similar to show procs

listprocs

listzones

environment

none

Prints out the currently defined zones in the Space occupied by the calling turtle.

listzones

maximize

environment

none

Maximizes (makes full-screen) the turtleSpaces window. See restore (which restores it)

maximize

minutes

environment

none

number

Returns the current minutes value of the computer’s sytem clock

print minutes
10

model

environment

none

word

Returns the name of the currently selected model.

print model
myrtle

month

environment

none

month (number)

Returns the current month.

show month
8

newspace

environment

name (word)

none

Creates a new space with the specified name.

newspace "myspace

newzone

environment

name (word) | [x y z] (list) | [x y z] (list)

none

Creates a voxeloid ‘zone’, an invisible area of ‘sectors’ in turtleSpace that contain name / value pairs (keys) unique to those sectors. The first list provided to newzone specifies the number of sectors in the x direction, y direction and z direction, the second list specifies the size of those sectors in x, y and z. The zone is created to the up, right and under the turtle relative to its position BUT NOT its orientation, so in the positive x, positive y but negative z from the turtle’s position.

newzone "zone [50 50 50] [5 5 5]

noapi

environment

none

Disables incoming API connectivity. See api

noapi

noblocks

environment

none

Disables blocks mode

noblocks

nocamcontrol

environment

none

Disables ‘camcontrol’ mode

nocamcontrol

nodebug

environment

none

Disables debug. See debug

nodebug

nodes

environment

none

7179

nodes returns 7179, the blocks of memory free at a ‘cold start’ of Apple Logo on an Apple IIe 128K computer. It exists here only for compatibility.

show nodes
7179

nodragselect

environment

none

Disables dragselect. See dragselect

nodragselect

nokeyclick

environment

none

Disables keyclick if enabled. See keyclick

nokeyclick

noosd

environment

none

Disables the on-screen display. See osd

noosd

nopaging

environment

none

Disables paging. See paging

nopaging

nopaper

environment

none

Disables paper. See paper

nopaper

nosandbox

environment

none

Disables sandbox mode. Must be called by another turtle without sandbox restrictions (eg myrtle:nosandbox) or nosandbox must be included in the sandbox declaration. See sandbox for more information.

nosandbox
myrtle:nosandbox

nostep

environment

none

Cancels all steps. See step

nostep

notrace

environment

none

Cancels all traces. See trace

notrace

notranscript

environment

none

Disables transcript, if enabled. See transcript

notranscript

nowebtext

environment

none

Disables the webtext pane (webLogo only). Usually followed by setwrite ” to restore output to the interactive text area. See webtext, setwrite

nowebtext setwrite "

osd

environment

input

none

Displays the provided input on the ‘on-screen display’, a text overlay layer used to display system messages (typically errors). The message remains until you use noosd to turn it off. See noosd

osd [Game over!]

paging

environment

none

pause and wait for a keypress if text output would push previous text output off of the screen generated since the last page prompt, interactive mode prompt, question, input, readchar or readlist – default is enabled. nopaging turns it off

paging

paper

environment

none

Enables ‘paper’ (white) mode. nopaper turns it off.

po

environment

name or names (word or list)

none

Prints out the specified procedure or procedures to the screen.

po "procedure
po [procedure1 procedure2]

poall

environment

none

Prints out the definition of every procedure and the value of every container in the workspace.

poall

pops

environment

none

Prints all of the calling turtle’s procedures to the screen.

pops

pot

environment

procedure name or names (word or list)

none

Prints the ‘title(s)’ of the supplied procedure(s) stored in the calling turtle, the ‘to’ declaration that includes the procedure’s parameters.

pot "myprocedure
TO MYPROCEDURE :SIZE :SHAPE

pots

environment

none

Prints the titles of every procedure stored in the calling turtle.

pots

primitives

environment

none

list

Returns a list of all available primitives (also known as primitives).

show primitives

putsector setsector

environment

name (word) | value

none

Stores a key (name / value pair) in the current sector. A zone must be selected, and the calling turtle must be inside a sector for putsector to work. See newzone, whichsector, readsector

putsector "duck 123

randombackgroundcolor randbg rbg

environment

none

Selects a random background color (0 – 15). See setbackgroundcolor

repeat 50 [randbg] setbg 0

randombackgroundshade randbs rbs

environment

none

Selects a random background shade (-12 to 12). See setbackgroundshade

randbs

recycle

environment

none

Forces the underlying Go language to run garbage collection. Garbage collection can cause a momentary pause intermittently. You can use recycle to time it better.

recycle

readsector

environment

key (word)

value

Returns the value of the specified key in the sector of the selected zone currently inhabited by the calling turtle. See newzone, putsector

show readsector "key

readsectorindex

environment

sector (list) | container (word)

value

Returns the value of a specified container in the sector indexed by the given list, if all of these things exist.

show readsectorindex [5 5 5] "container

readsectorpos

environment

position (list) | container (word)

value

Returns the value of the specified container in the sector located at the given position, if all of these things exist.

show readsectorpos position "container

rem

environment

list

none

Short for remark, rem simply takes a list of text for the purposes of commenting. However, unlike comments created with semicolons, you can follow a rem with additional instructions on the same line. You can also retrieve the last ‘executed’ rem by viewing lastrem, which makes remarks useful for debugging, and removes the need to fill the text display with debug print output. See lastrem.

rem [This is a remark]
rem {|The value of "var is| :var}

renameproc

environment

source | destination

none

Renames a procedure.

renameproc "oldname "newname

render

environment

none

Enables global (all turtles) rendering of 3D graphics. See norender, which turns it off.

render

rerandom

environment

none

Resets the random number generator to the state ‘seeded’ at initialization (caused by restart, initialize or loading a turtleSpace). This causes a replication of the series of numbers generated by random.

rerandom

reset

environment

none

Clears the environment, erases all containers, halts all workers, returns all turtles to their home positions in all spaces. See resetspace

reset

resetspace

environment

none

Resets only the turtles in the current space, and space-specific parameters such as the background color.

resetspace

resettime

environment

none

Resets the system timer to zero.

resettime

restart

environment

none

Restarts turtleSpaces.

restart

restore

environment

none

Restores a maximized window. See maximize

restore

sandbox

environment

[primitive1 primitive2…]

none

Restricts the calling turtle to executing ONLY the listed primitives. Shortcut variants MUST ALSO be declared, if availability is desired. Can be disabled with nosandbox, which either must be included in the list, or called by another turtle with no such restrictions (eg myrtle:nosandbox). See nosandbox

sandbox [forward fd right rt left lt]

seconds

environment

none

seconds (number)

Returns the current seconds value from the system clock. See hours, minutes

show seconds

sectorkeys

environment

none

list

Returns the available keys in the sector currently inhabited by the calling turtle. See newzone, putsector

show sectorkeys

selectspace

environment

space (word)

none

Selects and moves the calling turtle to the given space. This space must have been first created with newspace. The turtle’s track moves with the turtle to the new space.

selectspace "innerspace

selectuser

environment

name (word)

none

Selects the specified user as the current operating user.

selectuser "Bonnie

selectzone

environment

name (word)

none

Selects a zone to read sectors from. See zones, newzone

selectzone "zone

setabout

environment

word

none

Sets the description of the current turtleSpace. This is a ‘long word’, a string bracketed by pipes |. It can also be edited in the ed editor.

setabout |This is my turtleSpace!|

setbackgroundcolor setbg sbg

environment

number

none

Sets the background color to the color index referenced by the provided number. Note that you can use the color names referenced in the colors primitive description, because they are actually functions which return the corresponding index number.

setbackgroundcolor 5
setbg yellow

setbackgroundshade setbs sbs

environment

shade (number)

none

Sets the shade of the pen color to be displayed when rendering subsequent lines. It can be set to a number from 0 to 15, which represents a decrease in brightness of the pen color of 6.25 times that number. So, a value of 8 decreases the brightness by 50%.

setbackgroundshade 5

setframeinterval

environment

milliseconds

none

(webLogo only) Sets the interval between rendering cycles. This can speed up webLogo use when drawing complicated scenes. See frameinterval

setframeinterval 200

setsectorindex

environment

sector (list) | container (word) | value

none

Sets the value of a specified container in the sector indexed by the given list, if all of these things exist.

setsectorindex [5 5 5] "container :value

setsectorpos

environment

position (list) | container (word) | value

value

Sets the value of the specified container in the sector located at the given position to the given value, if all of these things exist.

setsectorpos position "container :value

setwindowpos

environment

[x y] (list)

none

Positions the turtleSpaces application window given the specified x and y (top-left) co-ordinates.

setwindowpos [50 50]

setwindowsize

environment

size (y)

none

Sets the turtleSpaces window’s height, and by extension its width, as the turtleSpaces window is fixed to a 16:9 ratio.

setwindowsize 20

showanchor

environment

none

Shows the location of the turtle’s anchor with a red ball. See hideanchor, anchor

showanchor

showmouse

environment

none

Shows the mouse cursor. See hidemouse

showmouse

shutdown

environment

none

Shuts down turtleSpaces.

shutdown

space

environment

none

word

Returns the current space.

show space

spaces

environment

none

list

Returns a list of the currently defined spaces

show spaces

stack

environment

none

STACK shows the current stack at the terminal.

TYPE stack in interactive mode and you'll get:

2020/05/10 08:44:38 Stack trace:
2020/05/10 08:44:38 0 : frog (line 2, stmt 1): [stack]
2020/05/10 08:44:38 1 : __immediate.0 (line 1, stmt 1): [frog 20]

It's really to help us debug execution of instructions.

step

environment

word or list

none

When procedures marked by the step primitive start execution, turtleSpaces pauses after execution of each statement.

CR processes next command and PRINTS it to text screen.

S resumes execution until thread leaves current scope (does not print debug during that time).

I executes until thread steps in to a scope.

O executes until the thread enters another TO, then pauses.

E executes until the thread exits a TO, then pauses

Q stops execution entirely

R resumes execution without stepping

N prompts for a "name and then shows the value of that name each step eg "name "value -- typing N and then entering an already monitored name disables monitoring that name. After doing an N STEP returns to the prompt without advancing

Use unstep to unmark procedures from stepping.

text

environment

name (word)

list

Returns the contents of the provided procedure name as a list. See define

to square
repeat 4 [fd 10 rt 90]
end

show text "square
[[] [repeat 4 [fd 10 rt 90]]]

textscreen ts

environment

none

Turns off the graphics rendering and displays only fullscreen text.

textscreen

time

environment

none

milliseconds

Outputs the number of milliseconds since turtleSpace was started, or resettime was called. See resettime.

print time

trace

environment

list

none

The TRACE command takes a list of procedures as input and causes them to print tracing information when executed. It does not interrupt the execution of the procedure, but allows you to see the depth of the procedure in the stack. See untrace

trace [myproc]

transcript

environment

none

Writes out a session file to disk containing text input, output and traces, in the current project folder. See notranscript

transcript

unbury

environment

name or list

none

Unburies the named procedures. See bury.

unbury "myproc

unburyall

environment

none

Unburies all procedures and containers currently buried in the workspace. See bury

unburyall

unstep

environment

word or list

none

Unmarks the named procedure or procedures from stepping. See step

unstep "procedure

untrace

environment

list

none

Stops tracing the specified procedures.

untrace [myproc]

user

environment

none

word

Returns the name of the current user.

print user

users

environment

none

list

Returns a list of the defined users.

print users

view

environment

word or list

none

Opens the editor with the output provided to view.

view table "table
view workers

viewhelp

environment

none

Opens the help file in the viewer. You can use the cursor keys to scroll through it. shift + up and down scroll through it faster!

viewhelp

viewref

environment

none

Opens the primitive reference file in the viewer. You can use the cursor keys to scroll through it, or control-shift-W to search for a particular primitive. shift + up and down scroll through it faster! You can open the reference faster using control-shift-R. See help

viewref

webtext

environment

none

Only works in webLogo. Causes an 80×24 character text area to appear in the editor location. nowebtext restores the editor. This can be output (print, show, setcursor etc) to by first calling setwrite “webtext — see setwrite, nowebtext

webtext setwrite "webtext

whichsector

environment

none

list

Returns a list indicating the calling turtle’s currently inhabited sector, based on the selected zone. See selectzone, putsector

show whichsector

whichzones

environment

none

list

Returns a list of the zones the turtle is currently inside of. See zones, newzone

show whichzones

windowpos

environment

none

list

Returns the absolute screen position of the top-left corner of the turtleSpaces window. See windowsize, displaysize

show windowpos

windowsize

environment

none

list

Returns the size of the turtleSpaces window in pixels. See windowpos, displaysize

year

environment

none

Returns the current year.

print year

2020

zones

environment

none

list

Returns a list of all zones defined in the current space.

show zones

Environment

environment