Referencia › Containers — 66 comandos
:container
Entrada: none
Salida: none
A colon : indicates a container, with the name of the word following the colon. turtleSpaces 'resolves' a :container 'tag' into the value of that container when an instruction is executed, such that if the value of :container is 5, then forward :container becomes 'resolved' to forward 5, before the instruction is executed.
show :container
:=
Entrada: expression | expression
Salida: none
Assigns the value of the second expression to the container name resolved by the first expression. See make for more details
So, for example, "frog := 5 puts the value 5 in the container named frog. However, :frog := 5 puts the value of 5 in the container named whatever is inside the container named frog.
"frog := "duck
:frog = 5
show :duck
5
buryname
Entrada: name or [list]
Salida: none
Buries the provided container names.
buryname "container
cleardatabase
Entrada: database (word)
Salida: none
Clears the given database. Unlike erasedatabase, the database is still defined. See newdatabase
cleardatabase "mydb
cleardictionary
Entrada: dictionary (word)
Salida: none
Clears the given dictionary. Unlike erasedictionary, the dictionary is still defined. See enter, lookup, newdictionary, erasedictionary, dictionary, dictionaryp, copydictionary, savedictionary, loaddictionary
cleardictionary "mydict
copydatabase
Entrada: source | destination
Salida: none
Copies a database with the name source to another database with the name destination. See database, newdatabase
copydatabase "from "to
copydictionary
Entrada: source | destination
Salida: none
Copies a dictionary with the name source to another dictionary with the name destination. See dictionary, newdictionary
copydictionary "from "to
database
Entrada: databasename (word)
Salida: contents
Outputs a list containing the contents of the specified database in the format [key1 [container1 [values] container2 [values]…] key2…] See newdatabase
show database "mydb
dequeue
Entrada: container
Salida: item
Similar to pop, except removes the item from the end of the list. See pop
show dequeue "container
dictionary
Entrada: dictionary (word)
Salida: list
Returns a list containing the contents of the given dictionary. See enter, lookup, erasedictionary, cleardictionary, newdictionary, dictionaryp, copydictionary, savedictionary, loaddictionary
show dictionary "mydict
edn
Entrada: containername (word)
Salida: none
Inserts a make statement into the prompt containing the specified container name and its contents for editing.
edn "container
edns
Entrada: containername(s) (list)
Salida: none
Opens the editor with a list of the provided containers and their contents, which are updated when the editor is exited.
edns [container1 container2]
enter
Entrada: dictionary (name) | key (name) | value (word or list)
Salida: none
Associates the given value with the given key in the given dictionary. See newdictionary, lookup, erasedictionary, cleardictionary, dictionary, dictionaryp, copydictionary, savedictionary, loaddictionary
enter "mydict "stooges [moe larry curly]
enter "mydict "ducks 5
erasedatabase
Entrada: database (word)
Salida: none
Erases the given database. Unlike cleardatabase, the database is no longer defined. See newdatabase
erasedatabase "mydb
erasedictionary
Entrada: dictionary (word)
Salida: none
Erases the given dictionary. Unlike cleardictionary, the dictionary is no longer defined. See enter, lookup, newdictionary, cleardictionary, dictionary, dictionaryp, copydictionary, savedictionary, loaddictionary
erasedictionary "mydict
eraselocal
Entrada: container (word)
Salida: none
Erases the named local container. See local
erase "localcontainer
erasename
También: ern
Entrada: container (word)
Salida: none
Erases the name off of a specified container (unallocating it), and empties its contents.
erasename "mycontainer
erasenames
También: erns
Entrada: none
Salida: none
Erases the names off of all the containers held by the turtle that calls it, and empties their contents
erasenames
eraseprivate
Entrada: container (word)
Salida: none
Erases the named private container. See private
eraseprivate "privatecontainer
eraseshare
Entrada: container (word)
Salida: none
Erases the specified shared container.
eraseshare "sharedcontainer
eraseshares
Entrada: none
Salida: none
Erases all shared containers and their contents.
erprops
Entrada: none
Salida: none
Erases all property lists.
erprops
get
Entrada: surname | container
Salida: value
Returns the value of the specified container under the given surname. See setsurname, set
show get "jones "car
camry
global
Entrada: containername (word)
Salida: none
Marks a specified container as a global container, one that is accessible by all procedures inside of a turtle. global converts any local or private container at the same level. To make a container accessible by multiple turtles, see share. To make a container accessible only inside a particular procedure see local and private.
global "mycontainer
gprop
Entrada: name | property
Salida: value
Returns the value of the property in the named property list. See plist
show gprop "john "phone
in
Entrada: anything
Salida: anything
in simply passes whatever is passed to it. It is useful in two main contexts: first, to improve the readability of the make alternative put, as in put 5 in "container; second, to retrieve the value of another turtle's container using query, as in query "myrtle [in :container].
pr query speedy [in :suspensions]
increment
También: inc
Entrada: name (word)
Salida: none
Increments the contents of the named container by one. Has no effect if the value of the container is not a number.
show "container
4
inc "container
show "container
5
inherit
Entrada: container (name)
Salida: none
Travels back down the stack of procedures to find an instance of a container of the given name, and then creates a pointer to it at the local container level in the current procedure. This means that changes to this container will also change at the parent level.
inherit "mycontainer
listnames
Entrada: none
Salida: none
Lists the calling turtle's global variables
listnamess
listshares
Entrada: none
Salida: none
Prints the names of the currently shared containers, one per line. See share, shares, unshare
listshares
local
Entrada: word or list
Salida: none
Changes the scope of the container(s) specified by the supplied word or list to local - that is, they are only accessible by the current procedure, and only while it is executing. To preserve the state of the container when the procedure is not executing, use private. See make
local "container
local [container1 container2]
lookup
Entrada: dictionary (name) | key (name)
Salida: value(s)
Returns the values associated with the specified key within the specified dictionary. See enter, newdictionary, erasedictionary, cleardictionary, dictionary, dictionaryp, copydictionary, savedictionary, loaddictionary
show lookup "mydict "ducks
make
Entrada: name (word) | word, list, evaluated-list, expression or number, names (list) | list of words, numbers or lists
Salida: none
make crea un contenedor con el nombre indicado en el primer parámetro y guarda en él los elementos indicados o generados por el segundo parámetro. También admite listas de ambos (véanse los ejemplos), pero para asignar los valores devueltos por advisers hay que usar una lista blanda {}. Véase name y put
make "container 5
print container
5
make "container [dog pig cow]
show "container
[dog pig cow]
make [ducks frogs pigs] [4 3 1]
show :ducks
4
show :frogs
3
make [x y z] {xpos ypos zpos}
make!
Entrada: name (word) | expression
Salida: none
Contains a runtime-evaluated expression, or 'mutated' container. This allow expressions to be stored inside containers, and rather than being evaluated when stored, they are evaluated when recalled. A container that contains a REX may only contain a single REX and nothing else. See also name! and put!
make! "moo iterate (array 1 + random 10) ["moo]
pr :moo
make! "clock (se hours minutes seconds)
pr :clock
name
Entrada: number, word, phrase, list, expression or container | name (word)
Salida: none
An alternative to make. Traditionally used for constants, eg name 3.14 "pi. See make, put
name 3.14 "pi
name!
Entrada: expression | name (word)
Salida: none
Creates a mutated container, one whose expression is re-evaluated whenever it is accessed. See make!
name! (se hours minutes seconds) "clock
names
Entrada: none
Salida: list
Returns a list of the defined containers (their names).
show names
newdatabase
También: newdb
Entrada: name (word)
Salida: none
Creates a new database. Databases store keys and containers. For more information, see store, retrieve. See also savedatabase, loaddatabase
newdatabase "animals
newdictionary
Entrada: name (word)
Salida: none
Creates a special type of container called a dictionary. Dictionaries contain a list of 'name value pairs' – a series of containers. See enter, lookup, erasedictionary, cleardictionary, dictionary, dictionaryp, copydictionary, savedictionary, loaddictionary
newdictionary "mydict
nopersist
Entrada: "name
Salida: none
Stops persisting the container or table "name and removes it from storage. The container itself is left in place; use erase to get rid of it. See persist
nopersist "score
persist
Entrada: "name
Salida: none
Indicates that the container or table "name should be stored and updated with the project and with the browser session, and reloaded with both. Persisted containers survive reset and resetall, but not loading or creating another project. See nopersist, share
persist "score
plist
Entrada: propertylistname (word)
Salida: propertylist (list)
Outputs the property list associated with the supplied name. Any word can have a property list associated with it – a list of 'properties' and their values. plist returns a list of these pairs sequentially: [property1 value1 property2 value2 etc.] See pprop
show plist "propertylist
pon
Entrada: container(s) (word or list)
Salida: none
Prints out the name and value of the named container(s)
pon "container
pons
Entrada: none
Salida: none
Prints out the names and values of every container in the workspace.
pons
pop
Entrada: container
Salida: item
'Pops' the item at the front of the container and returns it, removing it from the contained word or list. Equivalent to: make "pop first :list make "list butfirst :list
See push
make "result pop "pushlist
pprop
Entrada: name | property | value
Salida: none
Property lists are a special type of container that hold multiple property / value pairs. You can have a property list and a non-property list container with the same name.
pprop "addresses [Marty McFly] [9303 Lyon Drive, Lyon Estates, Hill Valley CA 95420]
pps
Entrada: none
Salida: none
Prints the property list containers belonging to the calling turtle.
pps
private
Entrada: word
Salida: none
Initialises a private container with the name provided. A private container is a container which only exists and whose value persists inside of a procedure. This allows you to construct a procedure that modifies and stores internal parameters without losing them when that procedure exits, and needing to store them in the turtle. See the examples.
TO test
if not namep "frog [private "frog make "frog 1 stop]
inc "frog
show :frog
END
TO test :switch
private "var
if :switch = "a [make "var 1]
if :switch = "b [inc "var show :var]
END
put
Entrada: input (number, word, phrase, list, primitive or container) | in | name (word)
Salida: none
Another syntax for make used by some Logos. 'in' is a simple prmitive that forwards whatever is passed to it. See in
put 5 in "counter
put!
Entrada: expression | in | name (word)
Salida: none
See make!
put! (se hours minutes seconds) in "clock
push
Entrada: item | container
Salida: none
"Pushes" the item on to the front of the specified container, making it the first item, and pushing the rest of the items to the right. If the container contains a word, push pushes the item on to the start of the word. If the container contains a list, push pushes the item on to the front of the list. To pull the item out of the container, use pop. Also see queue and dequeue (which do similar but to the end of the container).
push "frog "animals
queue
Entrada: item | container
Salida: none
Similar to push, except adds the provided item to the end of the container, appending it to the word or list inside it. See push
queue "item "container
remprop
Entrada: name | property
Salida: none
Removes the given property from the named property list.
remprop "proplist "property
rename
Entrada: oldname | newname
Salida: none
Renames a container.
rename "oldname "newname
retrieve
Entrada: database (word) | key (word)
Salida: none
Restores the values of the containers stored in the given database under the given key using the store primitive. For example, if you stored the containers :ducks and :pigs under the key "animals, then retrieving "animals would restore the values of :ducks and :pigs to the values they had when they are stored. See newdatabase, store
retrieve "farm "livestock
(show :pigs :ducks :cows)
set
Entrada: surname | container | value
Salida: none
Sets the contents of the named container in the named surname to the provided value. See setsurname, surname, get
set "jones "car "camry
setsurname
Entrada: "surname
Salida: none
Used to select the 'surname', otherwise more commonly known as the 'container space', to use. All the containers (or variables) in turtleSpace have a surname, or family they belong to. Changing the surname allows you to use code containing single-dimension containers in different contexts (for example, different players) without having to modify it. You just set a different surname and run the code again. The default surname is "default
setsurname "player1
make "score 5
setsurname "player2
make "score 10
setsurname "player1
print :score
5
setvar
Entrada: turtle (word) | container (word) | value (word, number, list or boolean)
Salida: none
Changes the contents of the container held by the specified turtle to the specified value. Technically bad form, but sometimes necessary.
setvar "myrtle "container 50
share
Entrada: "name
Salida: none
Indicates that the container "name should be shared amongst all turtles. Sharing does not store the container: use persist to have it saved with the project or browser session. See persist
share "lives
shares
Entrada: none
Salida: list
Returns a list of all the currently shared containers.
show shares
store
Entrada: database (name) | key (name) | container (name) OR [container1 container2…] (list)
Salida: none
Inserts or updates a record in a database with the key name. Store stores container names and their contents, which can be restored later using the retrieve primitive. See newdatabase, retrieve
newdatabase "farm
make "pigs 5 make "cows 2 make "ducks 12
store "farm "livestock [pigs cows ducks]
surname
Entrada: none
Salida: namespace (word)
Returns the surname of the current container (name) space. The default surname is 'default'. See setsurname.
print surname
default
swap
Entrada: container1 (word) | container2 (word)
Salida: none
Exchanges the contents of two containers. Note that the name of the container is specified as a word, eg "container. See make
swap "container1 "container2
thing
Entrada: containername (word]
Salida: output
Returns the contents of (the 'thing' in) the calling turtle's container of the provided container name. A longhand way of invoking the shortcut :container
show thing in "mycontainer
make "mycontainer thing in "mycontainer + 5
unburyname
Entrada: word or list
Salida: none
Unburies the container(s) named in its input. See bury
unburyname "container
unshare
Entrada: name (word) or names (list)
Salida: none
Unlike eraseshare which erases the share and its container, unshare changes the share back into a 'global' (turtle-internal) container.
unshare "container